1900s (17)

One of them things that gives you a chill

Brothers Jacques and Tony LeBlanc describe their feelings the moment they learned that their tribe was victorious in federal court, ensuring that the state could no longer deny the tribe their right to fish under treaties. They regret that theiur father, Albert "Big Abe" LeBlanc was did not live to see the successful resolution of the case he initiated. The two brothers describe their pride in the recognition of their father's efforts by tribal members and others. (interviewer: Veronica Pasfield; interviewed June 30, 2008)

Lets do something different next time (beach tarp)

Brothers Jacques and Tony LeBlanc describe the constant creativity and adaptation required of tribal fishermen because of the interference of the Department of Natural Resources officers and others. Tony describes a particular instance along Petoskey Beach, before courts acknowledged the tribe's right to fish, when a DNR officer was about to catch them at night. The family hid their small row boat in the woods and returned to the beach to collect their gear. With the DNR officer approaching, they concluded they could not run without attracting attention. They hid under a green tarp they "puffed it up" to resemble a rock. The boys could hear footsteps as one officer told the other "look at everything because them guys hide with the best of them". The officers walked passed and down the beach and the boys came out from the tarp and made their escape. (interviewed June 30, 2008)

Let them nets go

Brothers Jacques and Tony LeBlanc explain how they would tie their father's nets to rocks or logs along the beach. When Department of Natural Resources officers or others attempted to catch the LeBlancs, their father, Albert "Big Abe" LeBlanc, would instruct the boys to run along the beach with a knife and cut the string and the nets would sink about 25 feet below the surface. The officers would only find pieces of string along the beach. Later the family would retrieve the nets and the fish with grapple hooks. (interviewed June 30, 2008)

Just how we grew up

Brothers Jacques and Tony LeBlanc recall how they viewed the many high-profile initiatives of their father Albert "Big Abe" LeBlanc. They explain that as children they were unaware of the legacy being created because for them it was just a part of growing up.

It became a big family thing

Brothers Jacques and Tony LeBlanc recount the ways their entire family was involved in their father's (Albert "Big Abe" Leblanc) fishing operations. Their sisters worked cleaning fish in the processing facility.

How did that affect your mom?

Brothers Jacques and Tony LeBlanc consider the impact on their mother arising from their family's efforts to defend their treaty rights as well as the dangers of fishing the Great Lakes. (Interviewed June 30, 2008)

He knew he had that right

Brothers Tony LeBlanc and Jacques LeBlanc describe the efforts of their father Albert "Big Abe" LeBlanc to challenge the authority of state officials to regulate his right to fish as a member of the Bay Mills Indian Community. Jacques describes how his father contacted the Michigan Department of Natural Resources to tell them of his intention to fish off of Pendil's Bay, inviting a ticket in order to initiate a legal challenge to the state's claim of authority. Tony LeBlanc recounts how his father told the Chairman that the tribe had the right to fish in the Great Lakes. The Chairman did not want to challenge to the state, so his father decided to force the issue. (Opening narration: Trond Jacobsen; Interviewer: Veronica Pasfield; Interviewed June 30, 2008 at the Bay Mills History Department)

Gotta a good rapport going

Tony LeBlanc describes the rapport with sports fishermen he has developed over many years of exercising his rights to fish. After years of harassment and intimidation, most local sports fisherman have come to realize Mr. LeBlanc will continue to fish and that it was in their self-interest to cooperate so they could avoid becoming entangled in his nets. Mr. LeBlanc describes an incident several years earlier in which local sports fishermen popped the anchors on his nets. When the leader of a local sports fishing tournament approached to ask where he had set his nets, Mr. LeBlanc replied that he would not disclose the location unless sports fishermen refrained from interfering with his nets. Mr. LeBlanc has never had another problem with people popping his anchors. (Interviewed June 30, 2008 at the Bay Mills History Department)

Get the flashlight outta my face

Brothers Tony LeBlanc and Jacques LeBlanc describe an incident in which a DNR official approached their father Albert "Big Abe" LeBlanc to confiscate fish. At a shack called the Blockhouse, where the fisherman stored materials for Buddy Brown's fishing operation, the young brothers and their father were enjoying a break between runs to bring fish from the beach to their truck. Their father noticed a light through the trees approaching them. Officer Cecil Taylor approached, shining his flashlight in Big Abe's face. Big Abe told the officer to get the flashlight out of his face. The DNR officers told Big Abe they intended to confiscate all the fish loaded into the back of his pickup. Big Abe replied they could have the fish, but only what they could reach without touching his truck because they had no warrant to search the vehicle. (Interviewed June 30, 2008 at the Bay Mills History Department)

Deadliest catch

Tony LeBlanc describes running his boat during a storm in 2007. Waves were crashing over the boat even though LeBlanc and his crew were close to shore. In the spirit of his dangerous occupation, Mr. LeBlanc also describes his love for the fishing show "Deadliest Catch".

A Brief History of Bay Mills Community College

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Bay Mills Community College began as a vocational program in response to the economic development needs of seven Native American communities that were initially served by a program that centered on a business-oriented program. In 1981 the Department of Education began to fund the program. In 1984 the college was chartered by the Bay Mills Indian Community under the Tribally Controlled Colleges Act and has been declared a 501c(3) tax-exempt entity by the Internal Revenue Service. Since its establishment in 1981 with an enrollment of eleven students, the college has grown to currently serve over seven hundred students annually.

Development of College Infrastructure

1984 Five acres of land (current main campus) were leased from the Bay Mills Indian Community to establish a land base for Bay Mills Community College. This land included the “old fish plant,” which currently serves as the college’s administration building.

1993 The college dorms were constructed on the site where they currently sit; however, the dorms have since been turned over to the Bay Mills Indian Community, as they did not turn out to be a successful college venture.

2000 BMCC took advantage of a funding opportunity and constructed the Library/Heritage Center (log building); in 2006 the building was retrofitted with an elevator to make it fully accessible.

2003 Mikanuk Hall, the college’s primary academic/instructional facility was constructed on the main campus with funding from the U.S. Dept. of Education’s Title III Construction Program.

2004 The Bay Mills Indian Community realized an opportunity to expand the college’s physical capacity by purchasing the “Iroquois Lodge” property west of the BMCC main campus. This 78 acre property has been secured in a long term lease to BMCC and is known as BMCC’s West Campus.

2004 BMCC took advantage of its new West Campus property by constructing a facility to house its new construction technology program; major funding for this project came from the USDA-Rural Development Grant program.

2007 Further development of the West Campus was completed with construction of Migizi Hall, an instructional, conference lodging facility that will house language and cultural education programs, the community’s culture program, and various special events. This project was funded by the U.S. Dept. of Education’s Title III Construction program.

2007 Two projects are scheduled for completion during the summer and fall They include miscellaneous improvements to the main campus and the construction of a facility to house the Great Lakes Composites Institute on Tribal trust land located southwest of Brimley in Dafter, Michigan.

BMCC was designated as a land grant institution by the Equity in Educational Land Grant Status Act of 1994. This designation allows BMCC to apply for funding from the USDA-CSREES (Cooperative State Research, Education, Extension Service), to bring college resources to communities in need of such services. To date, BMCC has provided services in the areas of youth development, health promotion, community gardening, and renewable energy systems. Land Grant status has provided a bridge of opportunity for BMCC to work closely with Michigan State University and the entire Land grant system nationwide.

Text extracted from 2008 BMCC self-study document, prepared for the College's successful reaccreditation effort and authored by BMCC staff. The image offers a handy timeline of the history of the College.

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2008-02-XX
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Ash Basket, View #3

A fine example of an basket made from local ash, with sweetgrass décor and detailing, local. Exact provenance is unknown, but it dates from about 1940. Courtesy of the Bay Mills History Department. This is a view of the top only, sitting vertically; there are two others on this site. This view shows the nice mixture of colors in the basket initially. The colorants were traditional vegetable-based dyes which have faded from exposure to light on the outer surfaces.

Ash Basket, View #2

A fine example of an basket made from local ash, with sweetgrass décor and detailing, local. Exact provenance is unknown, but it dates from about 1940. Courtesy of the Bay Mills History Department. This is an oblique view; there are two others on this site.

Ash Basket, View #1

A fine example of an basket made from local ash, with sweetgrass décor and detailing, local. Exact provenance is unknown, but it dates from about 1940. Courtesy of the Bay Mills History Department. This is a horizontal view; there are two others on this site.

Dad wasn't kissin' up to anybody

Brothers Tony LeBlanc and Jacques LeBlanc describe the political experiences and electoral efforts of their father, Albert "Big Abe" LeBlanc. Tony LeBlanc describes how some people reacted to the fact his father always spoke his mind. Albert LeBlanc ran for Tribal Chairman twice, serving once, and also served on the Tribal Council.

Did you ever get scared?

Brothers Tony LeBlanc and Jacques LeBlanc describe several of the dangers of being tribal fisherman. They discuss routinely fishing at night to avoid the harassment of non-natives. They would set nets just before dark and pulled them in around 4:00 in the morning. The brothers indicate that as younger men they were rarely scared because they were just doing what they felt the occupation demanded. Jacques concludes by describing a frightening episode when he happened to have his children on the boat while it was taking on too much water.

Fishing was everything

Brothers Tony LeBlanc and Jacques LeBlanc describe the role fishing played in their family as young children. Jacques describes how fishing came first "no matter what" because "everything revolved around fishing". They had to sew nets before playing and both boys and girls made contributions to supporting the family's fishing efforts. (Interviewer: Veronica Pasfield)
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